No Place Else to go:
No Place else to Go:
Surveying The Human Rights Experiences of Encampment Residents in Ontario
“No Place Else to Go: Surveying the Human Rights Experiences of Encampment Residents in Ontario” is a seven-part report series, collectively authored by different members of the 'Realizing the Right' project team. The core report sections of this series are:
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While each report can be read independently, together they provide a comprehensive account of the project's methodology, evidence, and findings concerning human rights and encampments in Ontario.
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Contributing
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Building the Evidence:
Survey Design, Data Collection, and Research Highlights
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Citations:
Farha and Schwan, 2020
Farha, L., & Schwan, K. (2020). A National Protocol on Homeless Encampments: A human rights approach. The Shift. https://www.make-the-shift.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/A National-Protocol-for-Homeless-Encampments-in-Canada.pdf
Rankin, 2021
Rankin, S. (2021). Civilly Criminalizing Homelessness. Harvard Civil Rights – Civil Liberties Law Review, 56(2), 367-412. https://journals.law.harvard.edu/crcl/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2021/10/Rankin.pdf.
Flynn et al., 2022
Flynn, A., Hermer, J., Leblanc, C., MacDonald, S.-A., Schwan, K., &; Van Wagner, E. (2022). Overview of encampments across Canada: A right to housing approach. The Office of the Federal Housing Advocate. https://homelesshub.ca/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Overview-of-Encampments-Across-Canada_EN_1.pdf
Pin et al., 2026
Pin, Laura, Brussé, Regan Sunshine, Ahmad, Shabeeh, and Dej, Erin. (2026). Rethinking Municipal Responses to Encampments: Building a Human Rights Approach in Ontario. Wilfrid Laurier University. Waterloo, ON. URL: https://www.mymothernamedmesunshine.ca/report-rtr-2026
Greenberg, 2025;
Greenberg, D. (2025). Critical Participatory Co-Analysis: Advancing Analytic Methods for Participatory Qualitative Research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24, 16094069251342551. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069251342551
Hemming et al., 2020
Hemming, L., Pratt, D., Bhatti, P., Shaw, J., & Haddock, G. (2021). Involving an individual with lived‐experience in a co‐analysis of qualitative data. Health Expectations, 24(3), 766–775. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13188
Boucher et al., 2022;
Boucher, L. M., Dodd, Z., Young, S., Shahid, A., Bayoumi, A., Firestone, M., & Kendall, C. E. (2022). “They have their security, we have our community”: Mutual support among people experiencing homelessness in encampments in Toronto during the COVID-19 pandemic. SSM - Qualitative Research in Health, 2, 100163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100163
Shama et al., 2023
Shama, Anika, Alibi, Babatunde Olusola, Ecker, John. (2023, March). Peel Poverty Action Group (PPAG) Encampments Survey Report. Canadian Observatory on Homelessness. https://ppag.media/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Peel-Poverty-Action-Group-PPAG-Encampments-Survey-Report_Final.pdf
Farha, L., & Schwan, K. (2020). A National Protocol on Homeless Encampments: A human rights approach. The Shift. https://www.make-the-shift.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/A National-Protocol-for-Homeless-Encampments-in-Canada.pdf
Rankin, 2021
Rankin, S. (2021). Civilly Criminalizing Homelessness. Harvard Civil Rights – Civil Liberties Law Review, 56(2), 367-412. https://journals.law.harvard.edu/crcl/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2021/10/Rankin.pdf.
Flynn et al., 2022
Flynn, A., Hermer, J., Leblanc, C., MacDonald, S.-A., Schwan, K., &; Van Wagner, E. (2022). Overview of encampments across Canada: A right to housing approach. The Office of the Federal Housing Advocate. https://homelesshub.ca/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Overview-of-Encampments-Across-Canada_EN_1.pdf
Pin et al., 2026
Pin, Laura, Brussé, Regan Sunshine, Ahmad, Shabeeh, and Dej, Erin. (2026). Rethinking Municipal Responses to Encampments: Building a Human Rights Approach in Ontario. Wilfrid Laurier University. Waterloo, ON. URL: https://www.mymothernamedmesunshine.ca/report-rtr-2026
Greenberg, 2025;
Greenberg, D. (2025). Critical Participatory Co-Analysis: Advancing Analytic Methods for Participatory Qualitative Research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24, 16094069251342551. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069251342551
Hemming et al., 2020
Hemming, L., Pratt, D., Bhatti, P., Shaw, J., & Haddock, G. (2021). Involving an individual with lived‐experience in a co‐analysis of qualitative data. Health Expectations, 24(3), 766–775. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13188
Boucher et al., 2022;
Boucher, L. M., Dodd, Z., Young, S., Shahid, A., Bayoumi, A., Firestone, M., & Kendall, C. E. (2022). “They have their security, we have our community”: Mutual support among people experiencing homelessness in encampments in Toronto during the COVID-19 pandemic. SSM - Qualitative Research in Health, 2, 100163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100163
Shama et al., 2023
Shama, Anika, Alibi, Babatunde Olusola, Ecker, John. (2023, March). Peel Poverty Action Group (PPAG) Encampments Survey Report. Canadian Observatory on Homelessness. https://ppag.media/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Peel-Poverty-Action-Group-PPAG-Encampments-Survey-Report_Final.pdf